4 degrees of freedom robot arm?

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Introduce

Definition of 4 degrees of freedom robot arm

4 degrees of freedom robot arm: This is a robot with four axes or joints. The final axis is located near the robot base and it provides the movement and stability needed for the entire robot arm to function correctly. This type of robot is used in palletizing, machine loading, pick and place, automatic packaging, and many other roles. This design is a bit complicated compared to the 3DOF robot arm, but in return it can do more things.

The importance of 4 degrees of freedom robotic arms in various industries

The robot is flexible and can be reused for several tasks without having to change many things.
Can handle all types of heavy work without much impact
They are more flexible, which increases speed and makes them ideal for complex tasks that require precision and speed.
They have greater range, meaning they can cover more ground without moving an inch. This is why they are used extensively in automated processes such as automobile manufacturing.

Overview of 4 degrees of freedom robotic arm

Describe the structure and design of the robot arm

Normally, a 4-step robot arm will be composed of 3 main parts:

Manipulator

A manipulator is a mechanical part made with joints that can perform basic movements like a human arm, including moving, directly performing and accurately completing programmed tasks.

At normal connection points, there will be both sliding and rotating joints for more flexible and secure operation.

Control system

This is an important part with a complex structure, with the function of receiving commands and signals to execute as required.

Depending on the difficulty of each activity, this part will be required to set up at different levels from the simplest such as determining location, coordinates, points to move to more complex stages such as automatically Dynamic calculation, trajectory construction, command reading, error handling,…

Currently, to optimize normal movements, 4-step robots will apply servo motor technology. This engine has the function of creating enough moving force for machines to operate stably.

Software

This is a programming system used to communicate requirements, tasks and guide robots to complete specific tasks. A standard software needs to meet requirements such as appropriate programming language, friendliness and ease of use.

Explain the four degrees of freedom and their functions

The 4 degrees of freedom arm can move and rotate in four different directions without being constrained by other movements. These degrees of freedom are typically defined as three translations (moving along the x, y, and z axes) and one rotation (rotating around an axis). This provides flexibility and variety in performing tasks and tasks.

Degrees of freedom help the robot arm have the ability to move flexibly in space, making it convenient for performing tasks such as controlling processing machines, working in dangerous environments, or even in the medical field. to perform robotic surgery.

Components of a 4-degree-of-freedom robot arm

Base or fixed component

Base: Is the part that fixes the robot and keeps the entire robot arm stable on the desk or other platform.

The base helps the robot to flexibly rotate left and right, thereby expanding the robot’s working range to both sides and rear.

First joint – shoulder joint

The first joint is the basal joint and it is also called “shoulder” because its function looks like the human shoulder. This joint will ensure rotation of the internal link and column. The joint has a maximum range of motion of about 3000, which can be separated by 1500 to the left and 1500 to the right.

Second joint – elbow joint

The second joint is called the “elbow” because its function resembles the human elbow. In this joint, both the outer link and the inside link are bonded. Moreover, this joint is similar to joint 1, the maximum movement of the joint is also about 3000

Third joint – wrist joint

The third joint is also called the “wrist”. The joint can move within a range of 5400. Its function is similar to the human wrist and it can rotate like a human hand to tighten bolts or remove screws.

End-effector or clamping unit

The end effector is the part of the robot that interacts with parts or components in the environment. The end effector is found at the end of the robot’s arm. There are many types of final impacts for different types of applications. Some examples of end effects include:

Functions and capabilities of the 4 degrees of freedom robot arm

Reach and range of motion

The robot arm has 4 degrees of freedom, it can move in four different directions independently. This frequently characterizes robotic arms that need to be able to move in three-dimensional space and even perform more complex tasks such as grabbing and moving objects, or even performing industrial tasks. precision work in a production environment.

Ability to perform various tasks and manipulate objects

Performing Work: Robotic arms have the ability to move flexibly, helping them perform delicate and complex tasks such as assembling products, packaging goods, or even performing surgery in the field. medical field.
Controlling Hazardous Environments: Robotic arms can be used to perform tasks in hazardous environments, such as working in hazardous, invasive areas, or places where humans cannot safely access .
Automated Manufacturing and Maintenance: In the manufacturing industry, robotic arms can be integrated into automated processes to perform a variety of tasks, from simple motion making to more complex tasks such as welding, cutting, and painting.

Accuracy and precision in movement

Robot arms are equipped with components such as sensors, motors, and control systems, so a high level of accuracy is achieved. With large industrial robot arms, the accuracy may be less than with other arms. small robot hand

Application of 4 degrees of freedom robot arm

Manufacturing industry – assembly line automation, pick and place, welding, etc

Industrial robot arms are mechanical devices, pre-programmed with functions similar to human arms. With high flexibility, this device is applied in many different fields, from soldering, painting, assembling printed circuit boards, labeling, supporting material handling, product inspection and testing. experience,…

Robots are used for packaging and product classification, often using parallel robots.
Robots are used to spray paint in car and airplane body factories…
Robots used in plastic injection technology.
Used for loading and unloading and picking up goods.
Used in transporting and relocating products.
Automatic welding robot.
Robots are used in the foundry industry to pour molten metal.

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Healthcare field – support equipment, surgical robots

Robotic arms can be used in many healthcare applications to improve the quality of life of patients and support the medical industry.

Agriculture – sorting and harvesting crops, handling livestock

Robotic arms can bring many benefits to agriculture such as

Sowing seeds automatically
Collection or automatic
Weed management
Spray pesticides and fertilizers
Automatic pest control
Measure and ensure living space for plants and pets
Infrastructure construction and maintenance

Agricultural applications

Aerospace industry – maintenance and servicing, load handling

Robotic arms in the aerospace industry have many important applications to support and improve work processes.

Installation and maintenance
Construction and assembly enhance performance and safety
Collect data and test
Material handling
Repair and maintain the space station
Motion and movement of large objects

Advantages of using a 4 degree of freedom robot arm

Increase productivity and efficiency in tasks

The ability to work continuously without fatigue or laziness, which increases productivity and reduces the time needed to complete work.
The accuracy of work is always maintained in the most accurate way

Reduce human errors and risks

Robotic arms also help reduce the risk of workplace accidents and injuries, thanks to their ability to perform work accurately and without errors. This is especially important in industrial environments that are hazardous and require high precision.

Flexible in adapting to different working environments

Product settings for robotic arms are flexible and fast to meet ever-changing and highly competitive demands. Compact robotic arms are easily moved and redeployed to new processes, allowing the automation of virtually any manual task, including work with very small operations or frequent changes. custom

Long-term cost-saving solution

The arms have an average payback period of 1.5 years. That is the fastest payback time in the industry because when applying robotic arms to production, there will be no additional costs incurred such as outsourcing human resources and programming fees, and special in-house working areas. The machine is strictly protected to ensure labor safety.

Limitations and challenges of 4 degrees of freedom robotic arm

Requires complex programming and controls

The more modern the robot arms become, the greater the requirements for precision and scale of operation, and the requirements for programming and control also increase.
Robotic arms can do every job that can be automated, so the programming requirements are greater

Limited payload capacity

Robot arms focus on flexibility, compactness, flexibility and customization in high tasks, so the internal load of the robot arm is limited.

Lacks human-like ingenuity

Robotic arms can assist humans but cannot replace them in many jobs that require high precision and complex flexibility in production.

Recent advances and future trends of 4-degree-of-freedom robotic arms

Integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning into robot arms is an effective method to improve the robot’s ability to operate and interact in real environments. It helps the robot arm upgrade and improve:

Control and move flexibly with the surrounding environment
Identify and classify products accurately and effectively
Predict and interact with objects
Production optimization
Better interactions with other robots and combinations

Enhanced sensory capabilities for improved object detection and manipulation

Uses image and video sensors to collect information about the surrounding environment. Camera sensors can be integrated to recognize objects, track their locations, and detect changes in the environment.

Contact sensors can help robots sense pressure, temperature, and surface texture. This is useful when the robot needs to perform manipulation tasks such as lifting, placing, or touching objects.

Sound sensors can help robots sense sounds in the surrounding environment, such as voices, sounds of moving objects, or environmental sounds. This can be useful in interacting with humans or detecting the appearance of objects.

Conclusion

Summary of the importance and functions of a 4-degree-of-freedom robot arm

Flexibility and precision: Robot arms often have high flexibility and precision, helping them perform tasks that require high precision such as surgical operations, electronic product assembly, and other tasks. Other work requires high precision.
Increased productivity: Robots can perform tasks continuously without needing to rest. This helps increase productivity in the manufacturing and assembly process.
Safety and ability to work in dangerous environments: Robotic arms can be used to perform work in dangerous environments, such as handling toxic substances, working in high or low temperature environments , reducing risks to humans.
Medical care: In the medical field, robots can be used to perform complex surgeries, helping to reduce the risk of errors and improve treatment results.
Ability to perform repetitive tasks: Robots can perform repetitive tasks accurately, reducing fatigue and the risk of errors due to inattention.
Automated manufacturing processes: In factories and production lines, robotic arms can perform repetitive tasks, reducing labor costs and increasing efficiency.
Research and development: Robotic arms are used in research and development to test new ideas and test the feasibility of new technological applications.

Encourage exploration of the possibility of using 4-degree-of-freedom robotic arms in a variety of fields

Robot arms can be used in almost all fields where humans appear. Depending on the ability of the job, a robot arm can be applied appropriately.